Epidemiological and clinical comparisons of paediatric and adult sporotrichosis in Jilin Province,China

Sporotrichosis is endemic in Jilin Province of Northeast China. While paediatric cases make a substantial contribution to the epidemiological profile of sporotrichosis, the differences in the epidemiology and clinical manifestations of sporotrichosis between paediatric and adult patients remain unclear. We retrospectively reviewed the clinical records of 2968 cases of sporotrichosis (2113 adult patients aged ≥ 15 years and 855 paediatric patients aged < 15 years) over a nine-year period (01/01/2010-31/12/2018-). All the patients were diagnosed with sporotrichosis based on fungal culture of material from a skin lesion. In paediatric patients, the male:female ratio was 1.3:1, the incidence of sporotrichosis in the cold seasons was high (79.0%), most lesions occurred in the facial region (92.2%), and there was a preponderance of fixed cutaneous sporotrichosis (86.8%). In adult patients, the male:female ratio was 1:2.4, the incidence of sporotrichosis in the cold seasons was 66.0%, most lesions affected the extremities (48.6%) and the face (44.9%), and fixed cutaneous sporotrichosis was common (69.3%). The results indicate there were significant differences in the distribution of paediatric and adult sporotrichosis patients by sex, season with the highest occurrence of sporotrichosis, lesion sites and clinical types. Our results suggest that the epidemiology and clinical manifestations between paediatric and adult patients were different, and the route of infection of sporotrichosis in children may differ from that of adults in Jilin Province.     

海洋生物医用材料的临床应用和安全性评价

目的： 对海洋生物医用材料在医疗领域的应用情况和海洋生物材料来源医疗器械的安全性评价趋势进行分析，为推进该材料的临床转化提供参考。方法： 归纳海洋生物医用材料的分类和应用，介绍该材料的安全性评价的程序要点，探讨其安全性评价中面临的挑战。结果与结论： 常用的海洋生物医用材料主要为多糖和蛋白质，在创伤修复和组织工程领域应用广泛。海洋生物医用材料具有生物活性和良好的生物相容性，对此类材料的安全性评价应根据材料特性和预期用途，科学制定评价程序和选择检验方法。     

Two new xyloketals from the endophytic fungus Endomelanconiopsis endophytica derived from medicinal plant Ficus hirta

Chemical examination of the liquid culture of Endomelanconiopsis endophytica A326 isolated from the Chinese folk medicine Ficus hirta resulted in the isolation of two new xyloketals named xyloketals K and L (1–2) and three known analogs (3–5) including a new natural product (5). Their structures were determined on the basis of extensive spectroscopic analysis. All compounds were evaluated for their cytotoxic activities against the SF-268, MCF-7, NCI-H460, and HepG-2 tumor cell lines. Nonetheless, no significant activity was observed.     

一株海绵共附生真菌Fusarium equiseti SCSIO 41019的次级代谢产物及其抑菌活性研究

目的 研究海绵共附生真菌Fusarium equiseti SCSIO 41019的次级代谢产物及抑菌活性。方法 采用中压硅胶柱色谱、中压反相ODS柱色谱及高效液相色谱等方法对发酵产物进行分离和纯化，运用核磁数据及文献对比的方法鉴定化合物结构。采用滤纸片琼脂扩散法、改良肉汤稀释法评价化合物的抑菌活性。结果 从其大米发酵产物中分离并鉴定了8个化合物，分别为equisetin(1)、5'-epiequisetin(2)、lumichrome(3)、N-乙酰基色胺(4)、亚油酸(5)、methyl (4-hydroxyphenyl) acetate(6)、methyl (2-hydroxyphenyl) acetate(7)和graminin B(8)。化合物1、2和5对金黄色葡萄球菌(Staphylococcus aureus)和耐甲氧西林金黄色葡萄球菌(methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus, MRSA)分别具有不同程度的抑制作用，最小抑菌浓度(minimal inhibitory concentration, MIC)为2.0~125μg/mL，其中化合物1的抑菌活性最强(MIC值分别为2.0和3.9μg/mL)。结论 从菌株Fusarium equiseti SCSIO 41019分离得到两个具良好抑菌活性的化合物(1~2)，为将其开发为耐甲氧西林金黄色葡萄球菌的先导化合物提供一定参考。     

Draft genome sequence of plastic degrading Bacillus sp. AIIW2 isolated from the Arabian ocean

The endemic spread of plastic in the environment requires urgent need of a sustainable approach. Marine microbes found to have vast bioactivity and play a central role in biogeochemical cycling in the ocean; however, very few of them had been explored for biochemical cycling or plastic degradation. In the present study, we report the draft genome sequence of marine Bacillus sp. AIIW2 which was found to utilize plastic as a carbon source. The Bacillus sonorensis SRCM101395 was used as a reference genome for mapping the reads. The genome size of strain AIIW2 was approximately 4.4 Mb and composed of 4737 coding sequences with 45.7% G + C contents. The whole genome comparison of strain AIIW2 with three closest Bacillus strains showed strain specificity, the 16S ribosomal RNA sequence shows 99.93% similarity with Bacillus paralicheniformis KJ-16^T (KY694465). This genome data would provide the genetic basis in developing plastic bioremediation approaches and discover the enzymes pertinent in the biodegradation processes.     

海洋来源真菌Penicillium sp. wqh-572的次级代谢产物研究?

目的 研究浙江普陀岛海泥来源真菌Penicillium sp. wqh-572的次级代谢产物及其抑菌活性。方法 将菌株进行大规模发酵,乙酸乙酯萃取,采用小孔树脂MCI柱和半制备型高效液相色谱等分离纯化方法,通过核磁(₁H NMR和₁₃C NMR)和质谱(MS)等波谱分析方法,并与相关文献比较,鉴定化合物结构。结果 从该真菌发酵液的乙酸乙酯萃取相中分离得到6个化合物,鉴定结果分别为physcion (1)、emodin (2)、7-hydroxy-2-(2-hydroxypropyl)-5-methylchromone (3)、isorhodoptilometrin (4)、2-(2’, 4’, 6’-trihydroxyphenyc)-(7-hydroxy-5-methyc) chromone (5)及(Z)-N-(4-hydroxy styryl) formamide (6)。其中,其中化合物5为首次从青霉属真菌中分离得到。化合物1对3种植物病原菌均具有抑制作用。     

海绵共附生真菌Penicillium chrysogenum次级代谢产物的化学成分及生物活性研究

目的 对分离自西沙隋氏蒂壳海绵共附生真菌Penicilliumchrysogenum的次级代谢产物进行化学成分及其生物活性研究,以期发现结构特异并且活性良好的次级代谢产物。方法 对隋氏蒂壳海绵共附生真菌Penicilliumchrysogenum用真菌2号培养基发酵,发酵后的菌丝体采用溶剂提取、萃取和现代色谱分离纯化手段,再运用现代核磁波谱技术并结合高分辨质谱鉴定化合物结构。基于微阵列技术的表面等离子体共振成像（SPRi）系统,检测化合物与肿瘤相关蛋白的相互作用,并提供化合物与肿瘤相关蛋白的结合动力学数据。结果 通过分离隋氏蒂壳海绵共附生真Penicilliumchrysogenum的菌丝体提取物,从中分离鉴定了7个单体化合物,鉴定结果为conidiogenone（1）、2-acetylquinazolin-4(3H)-one（2）、15β-hydroxyl-(22E,24R)-ergosta-3,5,8,22-tetraen-on（3）、ergosta-4,6,8(14),22-tetraen-3-one（4）、 2-((2E,4E)-hexa-2,4-dienoyl)-5,6-dihydroxy-4,6-dimethylcyclohex-4-ene-1,3-dione（5）、(22E)-5α,8α-epidioxyergosta-6,22-dien-3β-ol（6）、2-(1-hydroxyethyl)quinazolin-4(3H)-one（7）。结论 化合物3和6是从Penicillium属内第一次分离得到,化合物4是从真菌Penicilliumchrysogenum中第一次分离得到,化合物5与肿瘤蛋白VEGFR-1、FGFR有亲和作用,KD的数值分别为7.78×10-3和1.44×10-1 μmol/L。     

恒山黄芪内生真菌Aspergillus sp.中环二肽的分离和鉴定

目的:研究黄芪内生真菌AR-15-1的环二肽类次生代谢产物的成分。方法:内生真菌AR-15-1是采用组织学方法分离自恒山黄芪的根部,真菌的鉴定采用形态学法结合分子生物学法,内生真菌大量发酵采用固体培养的方法,环二肽成分的分离使用柱色谱法,HPLC法结合LH-20羟丙基葡聚糖凝胶色谱进行分离纯化,化合物结构鉴定采用波谱表征分析。结果:从黄芪根部分离到的内生真菌AR-15-1被鉴定为曲霉属Aspergillus sp.,从AR-15-1的固体发酵物中分离到8个环二肽化合物,分别为环(脯-甘)二肽(1),环(脯-亮)二肽(2),环(脯-异亮)二肽(3),环(脯-缬)二肽(4),环(苯丙-甘)二肽(5),环(苯丙-丙)二肽(6),环(苯丙-络)二肽(7)和环(苯丙-脯)二肽(8)。结论:环二肽类化合物1~8均为首次从黄芪内生真菌中分离得到,其中大部分环二肽化合物已被发现是具有很好的生物活性。     

痔体黏膜发现白色念珠菌寄生

为探讨痔的病因,将26例患者痔体送病理组织检查,PAS染色发现9例有紫红色菌体寄生,据其形态判断是白色念珠菌,试管沙氏培养基培养见奶白色酵母样菌落,转种于科玛嘉培养基培养见菌落呈翠绿色,诊断为白色念珠菌。由此推断痔上皮增生、角化,黏膜大量炎细胞浸润,间质水肿、出血,黏膜下静脉强烈炎性变,是因白色念珠菌感染引起的。     

海绵共生真菌Chaetomium globosum HXL-1次级代谢产物及其体外抗肿瘤活性研究

目的研究海绵共生真菌Chaetomium globosum HXL-1的次级代谢产物及其抗肿瘤活性。方法利用硅胶柱色谱、ODS柱色谱、高效液相色谱等方法对其次级代谢产物进行分离纯化,运用NMR、MS等多种波谱方法鉴定化合物结构;采用MTT方法评价化合物的体外抗肿瘤活性。结果从该菌株发酵液的醋酸乙酯萃取物中分离得到16个化合物,分别鉴定为4-甲氧基-3,5-二甲基-6-(2-甲基丁酰基)-2氢-2-吡喃酮(1)、吡啶并戊二烯(2)、1-脱乙酰基-吡啶并戊二烯(3)、7-脱乙酰基-吡啶并戊二烯(4)、大黄素-8-甲醚(5)、8-羟基-1,3-二甲氧基-6-甲基蒽醌(6)、cytoglobosins D(7)、isochaetoglobosin D(8)、球毛壳菌素E(9)、球毛壳菌素Vb(10)、monohydroxyisoaflavinine(11)、aflavazole(12)、烟曲酶毒素C(13)、chaetoviridin B(14)、杀锥曲菌素(15)、oxidized-nodulisporic acid B(16)。结论化合物1是吡喃酮类新化合物;化合物7～13为吲哚生物碱类化合物;化合物1、11、12为首次从球毛壳菌中分离得到;化合物2、8、15对选定的人肿瘤细胞具有一定的体外抗增殖活性。